تأثیر کاربرد دو نوع بیوچار ضایعات کشاورزی و دریایی بر برخی ویژگی‏های خاک شنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مدیریت و کنترل بیابان، دانشکده کشاورزی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدة کشاورزی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدة کشاورزی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

چکیده

فراوانی ضایعات محصولات کشاورزی و شیلاتی یکی از معضل­‌های محیط ­زیستی در مناطق مختلف است. تبدیل این ضایعات به بیوچار و کاربرد آنها در خاک یکی از روش‌های بهبود زیست بوم­‌های مختلف و نقش مهمی در پایداری آنها دارد. در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر تعلیقه (سوسپانسیون) بیوچار میگو و بادمجان بر برخی از ویژگی‌‏های شیمیایی خاک شنی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به همین منظور نمونه‌‏های خاک با بافت شنی از اراضی کشاورزی اطراف بندرعباس به صورت دست نخورده در ستون‌‏هایی از جنس پلیکا به‌ترتیب با ارتفاع و قطر 25 و 20 cm جمع‌‏آوری شد. سپس تعلیقه‏‌های تهیه شده از بیوچار میگو (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) و بادمجان (Solanum melongena) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه غلظت 0، 4 و g/l 8 در سه تکرار به خاک اضافه و به مدت 100 روز در شرایط رطوبتی ظرفیت زراعی و 50% آن در نهالستان نگهداری شد. در ادامه، ویژگی­‌های شیمیایی خاک شامل pH، EC، N، K، Ca، Mg و Na اندازه‌‏گیری شد. تحلیل آماری و مقایسه میانگین داده‏‌ها در سطح 5% بین تیمارهای مختلف بر اساس تجزیه واریانس یک‌طرفه و آزمون دانکن انجام شد. نتایج نشان دهندۀ تأثیر معنی‏‌دار بیوچار میگو و بادمجان بر ویژگی‏‌های شیمیایی خاک شنی است. کاربرد بیوچار ضایعات میگو و بادمجان موجب افزایش معنی‌‏دار مقدار K، N و pH و کاهش EC ،Na و Ca نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. بیشترین مقدار K مربوط به غلظت g/l 8 بیوچار میگو و بادمجان و بیشترین مقدار N نیز مربوط به تیمار g/l 8 بیوچار میگو بود. افزایش غلظت هر دو نوع بیوچار روند افزایشی در مقدار K و N نشان داده است. کمترین مقدار EC هم مربوط به غلظت g/l 8 بیوچار بادمجان بود. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده کاربرد بیوچار ضایعات میگو و بادمجان در اصلاح خاک شنی پیشنهاد می‏‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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