مدیریت بیابان

مدیریت بیابان

بررسی عملکرد شاخص‌های تک متغیره و یکپارچه چند متغیره در پایش خشکسالی کشاورزی (بررسی موردی: حوزه آبخیز کرخه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
مهشید کریمی 1
نوید دهقانی 2
نسترن جلیلیان 3
کاکا شاهدی 4
1 پژوهشگر بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مدیریت حوزه‌های آبخیز، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
4 استاد گروه آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران.
10.22034/jdmal.2024.2036111.1473
چکیده
خشکسالی یکی از مخاطرات اقلیمی است که در سال‌های اخیر، به‌­طور قابل توجهی بر شرایط محیطی و اجتماعی - اقتصادی ایران تأثیر گذاشته است. از این­ رو بررسی و پایش آن، به‌­منظور اطلاع از وقوع خشکسالی و کاهش آسیب ­پذیری، بسیار ضروری و مهم است. در پژوهش حاضر کارایی شاخص‌­های یکپارچه چند متغیره نسبت به شاخص­‌های تک متغیره در پایش خشکسالی کشاورزی بر اساس تصاویر ماهواره‌­ای در حوزه آبخیز کرخه مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. بدین منظور در آغاز شاخص­­‌های سنجش از دوری چند متغیره VHI و NVSWI و شاخص تک متغیره NLSWI محاسبه شد و وضعیت خشکسالی در کل حوزۀ آبخیز کرخه توسط این سه شاخص برای دورۀ زمانی 1380 تا 1401 در اردیبهشت ماه پایش شد. به‌­طور کلی  نتایج نشان داد طی دورۀ آماری 1380 تا 1383، 1385 تا 1389، 1391و 1392 تا 1394 در منطقه مورد بررسی خشکسالی‌های مکرر با شدت کم تا شدید رخ­داده است. سپس عملکرد شاخص­های چند متغیره و تک متغیره با استفاده از شاخص SPI در مقیاس‌­های یک، سه و شش ماهه و شاخص SDI مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. طبق نتایج صحت­‌سنجی پژوهش حاضر،  بیشترین ضریب همبستگی بین شاخص NVSWI  با SPI-1 و SDI به ترتیب برابر با 0.71 و 0.64 مشاهده شد و همچنین شاخص VHI نیز بعد از شاخص NVSWI، همبستگی نسبتاً خوبی با SPI-1 (0.66) و SDI (0.56) دارد و شاخص تک متغیره  کمترین همبستگی را با SPI-1 (0.42)، SPI-2 (0.28)، SPI-3 (0.21) و SDI (0.40) دارد. بنابراین طبق نتایج شاخص­‌های یکپارچه چند­ متغیره  NVSWI و VHI نسبت به شاخص تک ­متغیره NLSWI  نتایج بهتری را ارائه می­‌دهد. زیرا شاخص‌­های چند ­متغیره  NVSWI و VHI، عواملی مثل وضعیت پوشش گیاهی و دمای سطح زمین را همزمان در پایش خشکسالی منظور می‌­نماید، بنابراین شاخص­‌های چند متغیره نسبت به شاخص­‌های تک متغیره وضعیت خشکسالی را بخوبی پایش می­‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
خشکسالی کشاورزی
سنجش از دور
شاخص‌های تک متغیره
شاخص‌های چند متغیره

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مدیریت بیابان
دوره 12، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 31
6 مقاله
پاییز 1403
صفحه 99-122

  • تاریخ دریافت 30 تیر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 23 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 24 شهریور 1403