مدیریت بیابان

مدیریت بیابان

تأثیر کاربری‌های مختلف اراضی بر ترسیب کربن و فرسایش خاک در منطقه جزینک سیستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
فرزاد طاهرخانی 1
عین اله روحی مقدم 2
علی صالحی 3
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته بیابان زدایی، دانشکدۀ آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
2 دانشیار دانشکدۀ آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
3 دانشیار دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی. دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.
10.22034/jdmal.2022.553384.1385
چکیده
هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر کاربری‌­های مختلف جنگل، مرتع، نی‌زار و بایر بر میزان ترسیب کربن و فرسایش‌­پذیری خاک در منطقۀ جزینک واقع در شهرستان زهک، استان سیستان و ‌‌‌بلوچستان است. برای این منظور پس از ارزیابی میدانی انواع کاربری‌ها، نمونه‌هایی از عمق‌های 30- 0 و 30-60  سانتیمتری خاک در هر کاربری برداشت ‌شد. برخی ویژگی­‌ها شامل کربن آلی خاک، بافت، جرم مخصوص ظاهری، کربن ترسیب شده و شاخص پایداری خاک­دانه‌­ها (MWD) طبق روش­‌های استاندارد اندازه‌گیری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‍‌­ها از طریق آنالیز یک طرفه  ANOVA در قالب طرح بلوک کاملاً تصادفی و مقایسه میانگین‌ها با استفاده از آزمون توکی در سطح اعتماد 95­% با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS  انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار جرم مخصوص ظاهری درکاربری نی‌زار در عمق­‌های مختلف به‌ترتیب0.992gr/cm3 و0.956gr/cm3 کمترین، و در بایر به‌ترتیب 1.59gr/cm3 و 1.61gr/cm3 بیشترین مقدار بوده است. ترسیب کربن در کاربری نی‌زار به‌ترتیب در عمق‌­های اول و دوم خاک 3234.02kg/ha  و 2455.32kg/ha بیشترین مقدار به­‌دست آمد. کمترین مقدار آن مربوط به اراضی بایر به ترتیب در عمق­‌های اول و دوم خاک 1967.37kg/ha و 987.65kg/ha می‌­باشد. پایداری خاک در بایر 0.342mm کمترین مقدار و در نی‌زار 1.67mm بیشترین مقدار را داشت. در پژوهش حاضر مشخص شد که هر چه مقدار کربن و ماده آلی خاک بیشتر و جرم مخصوص کمتر باشد، خاک دارای پایداری و مقاومت بیشتری نسبت به فرسایش است. در این منطقه کاربری­‌های نی‌زار و جنگل بیشترین سطح پایداری و ترسیب کربن را در بین کاربری­‌ها دارد. این یافته­‌ها می‌­تواند برای تصمیم‌­گیری و به کارگیری شیوه‌­های صحیح مدیریتی و برنامه­‌های بیابان­‌زدایی در مناطق خشک مشابه این منطقه، مفید باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
ذخیرۀ کربن آلی خاک
پایداری بوم‌نظام
دانه‌بندی خاک
مناطق خشک

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مدیریت بیابان
دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 22
6 مقاله
تابستان 1401
صفحه 87-100

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